Duplex stainless steels are extremely corrosion resistant, work hardenable alloys. Duplex stainless steel plate contains relatively high levels of chromium (between 18% and 28%) and low to moderate amounts of nickel (between 1.5% and 8%). The high corrosion resistance and excellent mechanical properties of duplex stainless steels can be attributed to their chemical composition and balanced (duplex) microstructure of approximately equal volume percentages of ferrite and austenite.Because of this duplex nature, it will display properties characteristic of both austenitic and ferritic stainless steels.Duplex stainless steels are in most cases, tougher than ferritic stainless steels. Strengths of duplex stainless steels can in some cases be double that for austenitic stainless steels.
Due to their high strength and corrosion resistance properties, Duplex Stainless Steels are used in a variety of applications such as:Minimum Order Quantity | 100 Kg |
Material | Stainless Steel |
Usage/Application | Industrial |
Length | 12 Meter |
Material Grade | UNS S32750 |
Form | Round, Square, Hex (A/F), Rectangle, Billet, Ingot, Forging Etc. |
Diameter | 6mm to 350mm Diameter |
Size | 6 mm to 120 mm. |
Finish | Black, Bright Polished, Rough Turned, NO.4 Finish, Matt Finish, BA Finish |
Minimum Order Quantity | 100 Kg |
Thickness | 12 mm |
Material | Stainless Steel |
Length | 18 Meter |
Usage/Application | Industrial |
Material Grade | UNS S32750 |
Size | 10 mm To 100 mm Dia in |
Form | Round, Square, Hex (A/F), Rectangle, Wire (Coil Form), Wire-mesh, Billet, Ingot, Forging Etc. |
Finish | Bright, Polish & Black |
Minimum Order Quantity | 100 Kg |
Diameter | 36 mm |
Shape | Round |
Usage/Application | Industrial |
length | 100 to 6000mm length |
Bar Finishing | Bright, Polish & Black |
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Minimum Order Quantity | 100 Kg |
Thickness | 15 mm |
Material | Stainless Steel |
Usage/Application | Industrial |
Length | 6 Meter |
Material Grade | UNS S32750 |
Size | 6 mm to 120 mm |
Steel Grade | Standard |
Unit Pipe Length | 9 meter, 3 meter |
Size | 1/2 inch, 3/4 inch, 1 inch |
Minimum Order Quantity | 100 Piece |
Material | Stainless Steel |
Size | M3 - M56 | 3/6" to 2" | Custom Sizes |
Type | Nut, Hexagon Nut, Hex Nut, Hex Coupling Nut, Hex Domed Cap Nuts, Square Nut. |
Anchor Length | 3mm To 200mm |
I Deal In | New Only |
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Minimum Order Quantity | 100 Piece |
Material | Alloy Steel |
Size | M3 TO M56 3/6" TO 2" |
Anchor Length | 3mm To 200mm |
Packaging Type | As Per Requierment |
I Deal In | New Only |
Minimum Order Quantity | 100 Piece |
Material | Alloy Steel |
Diameter | more than 100 mm |
Size | M3 TO M56 3/6" TO 2" |
Anchor Length | 3mm To 200mm |
Packaging Type | As Per Requirement |
I Deal In | New Only |
Material Grade | Stainless Steel Round |
Usage/Application | Industrial |
Shape | Round |
Surface Finish | Bright |
Application | Construction, Manufacturing |
Single Piece Length | 18 meter, 3 meter, 6 meter |
Thickness/Diameter | 2-3 inch, 1-2 inch, 0-1 inch |
Type | Duplex |
Duplex 2205® Stainless Steel Bars
UNS S31803/UNS S32205
UNS S31803 and UNS S32205 are commonly referred to as Duplex 2205® material, whose “Duplex” name is derived from the mixed microstructure which contains about equal portions of ferrite and austenite. Developed more than 70 years ago in Sweden precisely for the sulfite paper industry where the duplexes were used to combat corrosion problems caused by chloride-bearing cooling waters and other aggressive chemical products. Since then there have been advancements in the composition such as the deliberate addition of nitrogen as an alloying agent, which afterward quickly made Duplex the “workhorse” of stainless steels.
Benefits of Duplex include:
good weldability and workability, high resistance to corrosion fatigue, stress corrosion cracking (especially chloride stress corrosion cracking), erosion, and high energy absorption. Other advantages of Duplex are higher heat conductivity and low thermal expansion compared to austenitic stainless steels, high strength, good resistance to sulfide stress corrosion, and high resistance to pitting and crevice to corrosion. Duplex 2205® accounts for over 80% of the total usage of Duplex stainless steels throughout the world because of its superior workability as well as corrosion resistance.
Industries that use Duplex include:
BAR SPECIFICATIONS | |||||
UNS | TYPE | AMS | ASTM | FEDERAL | CHARACTERISTICS |
S31803/S32205 | Duplex | – | A-276 | – | Roughly double the strength of standard austenitic stainless steels, designed to improve resistance in many applications such as chloride environments and sulfide stress corrosion. |
CHEMISTRY ANALYSIS | ||||||||||
C | MN | P |
| SI | CR | NI | MO | CU | OTHER | M/NM |
.03 | 2. | .03 | .02 | 1. | 21. – 23. | 4.5 – 6.5 | 2.5 – 3.5 | N .08 – .2 | INQUIRE |
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Minimum Order Quantity | 100 Kg |
Diameter/Thickness | 4 inch |
Grade | 304 |
Length | 12 m |
Shape | Round |
Usage/Application | Industrial |
Finish | Black |
Surface Treatment | Forged |
Minimum Order Quantity | 100 Kg |
Diameter/Thickness | 4 inch |
Grade | 316L |
Length | 12 m |
Shape | Round |
Usage/Application | Industrial |
Finish | Bright |
Surface Treatment | Forged |
Minimum Order Quantity | 100 Kg |
Material | Stainless Steel |
Usage/Application | Industrial |
Length | 100 mm To 3000 mm Long & Above |
Finish | Cold Drawn, Shot Blast & Drawn, 240 Grit Belt Polished, Black, Bright Polished, Rough Turned. |
Form | Round, Square, Hex (A/F), Bush, Rectangle, Flat, Billet, Ingot, Forging, PSQ Bar, Wire Rod. |
Grade | Hastelloy C-4, Hastelloy C-276 |
Size | Metric M6 to M48 |
Diameter | Inches - 1/4'' to 2'' |
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Minimum Order Quantity | 50 Piece |
Material Grade | S31803 / S32205 |
Shape | PIPE FITTING |
Size | 3/4" |
Standard | AS PER STANDARD |
Usage/Application | Chemical Fertilizer Pipe |
Material | S31803 / S32205 |
Thickness | AS PER STANDARD |
I Deal In | New Only |
Thickness | 1-2 mm, 0-1 mm |
Size (feet X feet) | Standard |
Deriving the Duplex name from the presence of both Austenite and Ferrite in similar proportions, Duplex Stainless Steels combine excellent corrosion resistance with high strength. The typical mechanical properties would be double that of a single phase austenitic grade such as 316, while, for example, offering superior stress corrosion cracking resistance in chloride solutions.
Duplex stainless steels are extremely corrosion resistant, work hardenable alloys. Their microstructures consist of a mixture of austenite and ferrite phases. As a result, duplex stainless steels display properties characteristic of both austenitic and ferritic stainless steels. This combination of properties can mean some compromise when compared with pure austenitic and pure ferritic grades.
Duplex steels are also magnetic, a property that can be used to easily differentiate them from common austenitic grades of stainless.
S31803 / S32205 Properties
Chemical Analysis (% max or range)
C | Mn | P |
| Si | Cr | Ni | Mo | N |
0.03 | 2.00 | 0.03 | 0.02 | 1.00 | 21.0-23.0 | 4.5-6.5 | 2.5-3.5 | 0.08-0.20 |
Corrosion Resistance
Duplex stainless steels are extremely corrosion resistant. They have high resistance to intergranular corrosion. Even in chloride and sulphide environments, duplex stainless steels exhibit very high resistance to stress corrosion cracking.
The super duplex grades are even more resistant to corrosion.
Heat Resistance
The high chromium content of duplex stainless steels that protects against corrosion, causes embrittlement at temperatures over about 300°C.
At low temperatures duplex stainless steels have better ductility than the ferritic and martensitic grades. Duplex grades can readily be used down to at least -50°C.
Fabrication
Fabrication of all stainless steels should be done only with tools dedicated to stainless steel materials. Tooling and work surfaces must be thoroughly cleaned before use. These precautions are necessary to avoid cross contamination of stainless steel by easily corroded metals that may discolour the surface of the fabricated product.
Machinability
Although machinable, the high strengths of duplex stainless steels makes machining difficult. As an example, machining of 2205 is around 20% slower than for 304.
Machining can be enhanced by using the following rules:
~ Cutting edges must be kept sharp. Dull edges cause excess work hardening.
~ Cuts should be light but deep enough to prevent work hardening by riding on the surface of the material.
~ Chip breakers should be employed to assist in ensuring swarf remains clear of the work
~ Low thermal conductivity of austenitic alloys results in heat concentrating at the cutting edges. This means coolants and lubricants are necessary and must be used in large quantities.
Heat Treatment
Duplex stainless steels cannot be hardened by heat treatment. They can however be work hardened.
Solution treatment or annealing can be done by rapid cooling after heating to around 1100°C.
Weldability
Duplex stainless steels have good weldability. All standard welding processes can be used. They are not quite as easily welded as the austenitic grades but low thermal expansion in duplex grades reduces distortion and residual stresses after welding. The recommended filler material for 2205 stainless steel is 2209.
Thickness | 0-1 mm, 1-2 mm, 2-3 mm |
Material Grade | UNS S32750 |
Size (feet X feet) | Standard |
Super Duplex UNS S32750 combines the most desirable characteristics of both ferritic and austenitic steels. It has excellent corrosion resistance to a wide variety of media, with outstanding resistance to pitting and crevice corrosion in seawater and other chloride containing environments due to its high chromium, molybdenum, and nitrogen level, with Critical Pitting Temperature exceeding 50°C.
The duplex microstructure gives this grade high strength UNS S32750 a low coefficient of thermal expansion and higher heat conductivity than austenitic steels and is suitable for working temperatures up to 300°C.
Listed in NACE MR 01 75 for sour service UNS S32750 and having gained ASME Approval for Pressure Vessel applications it can be used in a wide variety of applications.
C | Si | Mn | Cr | Mo | Ni | Cu | N | PREN |
0.02 | 0.25 | 0.55 | 25.8 | 3.4 | 7 | max. 0.50 | 0.3 | Min. 40 |
Product | Dimension Size mm | 0.2% proof stress N/mm2 min. | Tensile strength N/mm2 min. | Elongation A5 % min. L Q T | Impact strength (ISO-V) J min. L Q T |
St, Sch | ≤ 160 | 500 | 795 | 25 - – - - | 100 - – - - |
P | ≤ 75 | 252) 252) - - | 100 60 - - |
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Minimum Order Quantity | 100 Piece |
Material Grade | SS316 |
Shape | ROUND |
Size | 3/4" |
Standard | DUPLEX PIPE FITTINGS |
Usage/Application | Chemical Fertilizer Pipe |